Any processing equipment, set during the processing, such as processing route, process preparation, processing cutting tool selection, the machine itself, the clamping and workpiece material, etc. Have a problem, for the final machining precision and machining efficiency can cause certain effect, vertical machining center as a highly precise and efficient processing equipment, reduce the workpiece machining error of the method commonly used to reduce the original error method, error compensation method, the error transfer method, grouping method, the error averaging method and synthetic method, etc.
1, error synthesis method to eliminate the machine error is to ensure the final machining accuracy of the workpiece is the most important method. Error synthesis method requires the measurement of the machine tool each axis of the original error. Laser interferometer is the main testing instrument in vertical machining center because of its high measuring accuracy and flexibility.
2, error compensation method error compensation method is to artificially create a kind of error, to offset the process system inherent original error, or use a kind of original error to offset another kind of original error, so as to improve the vertical machining center workpiece processing accuracy. Usually by reducing the machine tool clearance, improve the rigidity of the machine tool, the use of preloading load, so that the relevant cooperation to produce a pre-tightening force, and eliminate the impact of clearance. It can also improve the stiffness of the workpiece and cutting tool and reduce the length of the overhanging tool and workpiece, so as to improve the stiffness of the process system. Reasonable clamping and machining methods can also be used to reduce the cutting force and its changes, reasonably select tool materials, increase the front Angle and main deviation Angle, as well as reasonable heat treatment of workpiece materials to improve the machining performance of materials and other methods.
3, direct reduction of the original error method direct reduction of the original error method is to find out the main original error factors affecting the machining accuracy, to try to directly eliminate or reduce it. For example, vertical machining center in a long time after use, due to natural wear caused by the transmission system positioning misalignment, reverse clearance.
4, error average method error average method is the use of close contact between the surface of the comparison and mutual correction, or the use of each other for processing, in order to achieve the vertical machining center to eliminate the processing error.
5. Error transfer method the essence of error transfer method is the comprehensive error caused by the aggregate error, stress deformation and thermal deformation of the transfer process system. If the vertical machining center for some hole processing, the coaxiality of the workpiece is not by the machine tool spindle rotation accuracy to ensure, but by the fixture to ensure, when the machine tool spindle and workpiece using floating connection, the original error of the machine tool spindle will no longer affect the machining accuracy, and transferred to the fixture to ensure the machining accuracy.
6, error grouping method in the vertical machining center processing, due to the existence of process blank error, resulting in the process error. The variation of blank error has two main influences on this process: reaction error and positioning error.
If the above error is too big, can not guarantee the machining accuracy, and to improve the blank precision or the machining accuracy of the last procedure is not very realistic. At this time can use the error grouping method, that is, the blank or the size of the working procedure according to the size of the error into n groups, each group of blank error reduced to the original 1/n, and then according to each group to adjust the relative position of the cutter and the workpiece or adjust positioning components, so as to greatly reduce the size of the whole batch of workpiece dispersion range. The essence of error grouping method is to improve the measurement accuracy to make up for the deficiency of machining accuracy, so as to eliminate the influence of machining error.
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